Toyota and Hyundai top CarMD.com’s annual ranking of vehicles causing the fewest check-engine headaches. 

The CarMD Vehicle Health Index names the 1996 to 2016 model-year makes and models with the lowest frequency of check engine light problems and average cost of repairs.

CarMD names Toyota the brand least likely to need check engine repairs in its 2016 Make and Vehicle Reliability Rankings Vehicle Health Index, released Wednesday.

The following are the 10 brands with the lowest repair frequency over the past year:

1.Toyota

2.Honda

3.Nissan

4.Audi

5.Volkswagen

6.BMW

7.Mercury

8.Buick

9.Jeep

10.Hyundai

Rankings are drawn from CarMD's database of verified repair needs along with statistically-based check engine-related failures and repair cost data.

The car repair data and solutions provider analyzed repairs for 4.7 million model year 1996 to 2016 new and pre-owned vehicles from Oct. 1, 2015 to Sept. 30.

"Based on industry and customer feedback, this year's Index dives deeper into how individual makes rank, marking the first time CarMD has scored them individually versus part of their parent manufacturer," said Ieon Chen, chief executive officer of CarMD. "This continues to be the only annual Index to rank makes and models using actual in-use check engine failures and recommended repair costs, which has been shown to help make vehicle manufacturers, parts providers, owners and used-car buyers."

The Index names Hyundai the brand with the lowest average check engine-related repair cost, which has an average parts and labor estimate of about $318, followed by Mazda, $334 and Kia, $338.

The following are the 10 makes with the lowest average repair costs over the past year:

1. Hyundai $318.50

2. Mazda $334.82

3. Kia $338.57

4. Chevrolet $347.28

5. Chrysler $347.86

6. Dodge $351.05

7. Jeep $357.97

8. GMC $362.76

9. Ford $372.80

10. Buick $373.07

CarMD’s Index also ranks the 100 vehicles with fewest repair incidents, 100 vehicles with lowest repair cost and top vehicles by category, which include compact, minivan, sedan, compact SUV, full-sized SUV, wagon/crossover and hybrid.

For more rankings and information visit the complete index webpage, CarMD Vehicle Health Index Make & Model Reliability Rankings.